Why is multi-factor authentication (MFA) more secure than passwords alone?

• A. It uses longer passwords.
• B. It requires multiple independent factors, reducing reliance on a single credential.
• C. It prevents all phishing.
• D. It stores credentials in the cloud.

Answer: (B)

MFA strengthens security by requiring more than one piece of evidence to verify identity. Instead of relying on a single credential, it combines something you know (like a password) with something you have (such as a hardware token or a code from an authenticator app) or something you are (biometrics). Because these factors are independent, compromising one factor—such as stealing a password—doesn’t automatically grant access; the attacker would still need the second factor. This drastically reduces risks from credential theft, password reuse across sites, and simple brute-force attempts. While MFA adds protection, it isn’t a guarantee against all phishing or other sophisticated tricks, and where credentials are stored or managed isn’t what makes MFA effective. The key benefit is the requirement of multiple, separate forms of verification.