Which type of malware is designed to block access to a computer system until a sum of money is paid?

• A. Ransomware
• B. Hacking
• C. Phishing
• D. Identity theft

Answer: (A)

Ransomware is designed to block access to a computer system or its data until a payment is made. It typically encrypts files or locks the device and leaves a ransom note with instructions for paying—often in cryptocurrency—for a decryption key or unlock. This behavior distinguishes it from other cyber threats: hacking is a broad term for unauthorized access without necessarily demanding payment; phishing uses social engineering to steal credentials or install malware; identity theft focuses on stealing personal information to impersonate someone. Understanding ransomware helps you recognize the threat and emphasizes defenses such as keeping backups (including offline ones), applying patches, using security software, and training users to avoid phishing so you can recover without paying.